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Oppositely Charged Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene Membranes with 2D Nanofluidic Channels for Osmotic Energy Harvesting
Author(s) -
Ding Li,
Xiao Dan,
Lu Zong,
Deng Junjie,
Wei Yanying,
Caro Jürgen,
Wang Haihui
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
angewandte chemie international edition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.831
H-Index - 550
eISSN - 1521-3773
pISSN - 1433-7851
DOI - 10.1002/anie.201915993
Subject(s) - membrane , osmotic power , reversed electrodialysis , materials science , power density , electrodialysis , ion , analytical chemistry (journal) , chemical engineering , pressure retarded osmosis , nanotechnology , chemistry , chemical physics , forward osmosis , power (physics) , chromatography , thermodynamics , physics , reverse osmosis , biochemistry , organic chemistry , engineering
Membrane‐based reverse electrodialysis (RED) is considered as the most promising technique to harvest osmotic energy. However, the traditional membranes are limited by high internal resistance and low efficiency, resulting in undesirable power densities. Herein, we report the combination of oppositely charged Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene membranes (MXMs) with confined 2D nanofluidic channels as high‐performance osmotic power generators. The negatively or positively charged 2D MXene nanochannels exhibit typical surface‐charge‐governed ion transport and show excellent cation or anion selectivity. By mixing the artificial sea water (0.5 m NaCl) and river water (0.01 m NaCl), we obtain a maximum power density of ca. 4.6 Wm −2 , higher than most of the state‐of‐the‐art membrane‐based osmotic power generators, and very close to the commercialization benchmark (5 Wm −2 ). Through connecting ten tandem MXM‐RED stacks, the output voltage can reach up 1.66 V, which can directly power the electronic devices.