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Dinuclear Metal‐ProPhenol Catalysts: Development and Synthetic Applications
Author(s) -
Trost Barry M.,
Hung ChaoI Joey,
Mata Guillaume
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
angewandte chemie international edition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.831
H-Index - 550
eISSN - 1521-3773
pISSN - 1433-7851
DOI - 10.1002/anie.201909692
Subject(s) - aldol reaction , electrophile , bimetallic strip , chemistry , nucleophile , combinatorial chemistry , catalysis , ligand (biochemistry) , mannich reaction , enantioselective synthesis , reactivity (psychology) , reagent , lewis acids and bases , alkyl , metal , organic chemistry , medicine , biochemistry , receptor , alternative medicine , pathology
The ProPhenol ligand is a member of the chiral aza‐crown family that spontaneously forms a bimetallic complex upon treatment with alkyl metal reagents, such as Et 2 Zn and Bu 2 Mg. The resulting complex features Lewis acidic and Brønsted basic sites, enabling simultaneous activation of both nucleophile and electrophile in the same chiral environment. Since the initial report in 2000, metal‐ProPhenol catalysts have been used to facilitate a broad range of asymmetric transformations, including aldol, Mannich, and Henry reactions, as well as alkynylations and conjugation additions. By promoting such a diverse array of reactions, these complexes provide rapid and atom‐economical access to valuable complex building blocks. In this Review, we describe in detail the development and synthetic applications of these versatile catalysts with a special focus on recent efforts to improve reactivity and selectivity through ligand design and structural modification.