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Purely Organic Crystals Exhibit Bright Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence
Author(s) -
Cai Xinyi,
Qiao Zhenyang,
Li Mengke,
Wu Xiao,
He Yanmei,
Jiang Xiaofang,
Cao Yong,
Su ShiJian
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
angewandte chemie international edition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.831
H-Index - 550
eISSN - 1521-3773
pISSN - 1433-7851
DOI - 10.1002/anie.201906371
Subject(s) - photochemistry , phosphorescence , intermolecular force , quantum yield , photoluminescence , materials science , fluorescence , quantum efficiency , exciton , quenching (fluorescence) , acceptor , homo/lumo , crystal (programming language) , chemistry , optoelectronics , molecule , organic chemistry , optics , physics , quantum mechanics , computer science , programming language , condensed matter physics
Thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) materials generally suffer from severe concentration quenching. Efficient non‐doped TADF emitters are generally highly twisted aromatic amine‐based compounds with isolated chemical moieties. Herein we demonstrate that co‐facial packing and strong π–π intermolecular interactions give rise to bright TADF emissions in non‐doped film and crystalline states within the compound 2,4‐diphenyl‐6‐(thianthren‐1‐yl)‐1,3,5‐triazine (oTE‐DRZ). Quantum chemistry simulations indicate that a disperse outer orbital of sulfur atoms, a folded thianthrene plane (for a reduced donor–acceptor distance), and a triazine acceptor with n–π* character, generate a spatially conjugated transition with a small singlet–triplet splitting energy. In company with a highly emissive non‐doped film, the corresponding organic light‐emitting diode achieved a 20.6 % external quantum efficiency, verifying its potential for high‐performance optoelectronic applications. In a crystalline state, it was verified that intra‐ and intermolecular dual TADF assisted by a hidden room‐temperature phosphorescent state. This state could preserve the long‐lived excitons while suppressing non‐radiation, and it could serve as a “spring‐board” for cascade up‐conversion processes. The oTE‐DRZ crystal showed greenish‐blue emission with a very high photoluminescent quantum yield of approximately 87 %, which is the highest among all TADF crystals reported to date.