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Genomics‐Driven Discovery of NO‐Donating Diazeniumdiolate Siderophores in Diverse Plant‐Associated Bacteria
Author(s) -
Hermenau Ron,
Mehl Jule L.,
Ishida Keishi,
Dose Benjamin,
Pidot Sacha J.,
Stinear Timothy P.,
Hertweck Christian
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
angewandte chemie international edition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.831
H-Index - 550
eISSN - 1521-3773
pISSN - 1433-7851
DOI - 10.1002/anie.201906326
Subject(s) - siderophore , bacteria , rhizosphere , biology , gene cluster , burkholderia , function (biology) , gene , genome , computational biology , microbiology and biotechnology , biochemistry , genetics
Siderophores are key players in bacteria–host interactions, with the main function to provide soluble iron for their producers. Gramibactin from rhizosphere bacteria expands siderophore function and diversity as it delivers iron to the host plant and features an unusual diazeniumdiolate moiety for iron chelation. By mutational analysis of the grb gene cluster, we identified genes (grbD and grbE) necessary for diazeniumdiolate formation. Genome mining using a GrbD‐based network revealed a broad range of orthologous gene clusters in mainly plant‐associated Burkholderia/Paraburkholderia species. Two new types of diazeniumdiolate siderophores, megapolibactins and plantaribactin were fully characterized. In vitro assays and in vivo monitoring experiments revealed that the iron chelators also liberate nitric oxide (NO) in plant roots. This finding is important since NO donors are considered as biofertilizers that maintain iron homeostasis and increase overall plant fitness.