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Strategies to Enhance the Photosensitization: Polymerization and the Donor–Acceptor Even–Odd Effect
Author(s) -
Liu Shunjie,
Zhang Haoke,
Li Yuanyuan,
Liu Junkai,
Du Lili,
Chen Ming,
Kwok Ryan T. K.,
Lam Jacky W. Y.,
Phillips David Lee,
Tang Ben Zhong
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
angewandte chemie international edition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.831
H-Index - 550
eISSN - 1521-3773
pISSN - 1433-7851
DOI - 10.1002/anie.201810326
Subject(s) - intersystem crossing , polymer , polymerization , conjugated system , acceptor , photochemistry , materials science , molecule , nanotechnology , combinatorial chemistry , photodynamic therapy , small molecule , chemistry , organic chemistry , excited state , physics , nuclear physics , singlet state , condensed matter physics , biochemistry
Abstract A particular challenge in the design of organic photosensitizers (PSs) with donor–acceptor (D‐A) structures is that it is based on trial and error rather than specific rules. Now these challenges are addressed by proposing two efficient strategies to enhance the photosensitization efficiency: polymerization‐facilitated photosensitization and the D‐A even–odd effect. Conjugated polymers have been found to exhibit a higher 1 O 2 generation efficiency than their small molecular counterparts. Furthermore, PSs with A‐D‐A structures show enhanced photosensitization efficiency over those with D‐A‐D structures. Theoretical calculations suggest an enhanced intersystem crossing (ISC) efficiency by these strategies. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate that the resulting materials can be used as photosensitizers in image‐guided photodynamic anticancer therapy. These guidelines are applicable to other polymers and small molecules to lead to the development of new PSs.