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Modified High‐Nickel Cathodes with Stable Surface Chemistry Against Ambient Air for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Author(s) -
You Ya,
Celio Hugo,
Li Jianyu,
Dolocan Andrei,
Manthiram Arumugam
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
angewandte chemie international edition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.831
H-Index - 550
eISSN - 1521-3773
pISSN - 1433-7851
DOI - 10.1002/anie.201801533
Subject(s) - non blocking i/o , cathode , nickel , lithium (medication) , materials science , electrode , chemical engineering , electrochemistry , limiting , fabrication , ion , ambient pressure , chemistry , nanotechnology , inorganic chemistry , metallurgy , catalysis , organic chemistry , medicine , mechanical engineering , engineering , endocrinology , alternative medicine , physics , pathology , thermodynamics
High‐Ni layered oxides are promising next‐generation cathodes for lithium‐ion batteries owing to their high capacity and lower cost. However, as the Ni content increases over 70 %, they have a high dynamic affinity towards moisture and CO 2 in ambient air, primarily reacting to form LiOH, Li 2 CO 3 , and LiHCO 3 on the surface, which is commonly termed “residual lithium”. Air exposure occurs after synthesis as it is common practice to handle and store them under ambient conditions. The air exposure leads to significant performance losses, and hampers the electrode fabrication, impeding their practical viability. Herein, we show that substituting a small amount of Al for Ni in the crystal lattice notably improves the chemical stability against air by limiting the formation of LiOH, Li 2 CO 3 , LiHCO 3 , and NiO in the near‐surface region. The Al‐doped high‐Ni oxides display a high capacity retention with excellent rate capability and cycling stability after being exposed to air for 30 days.