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Electrochemiluminescence Bioassays with a Water‐Soluble Luminol Derivative Can Outperform Fluorescence Assays
Author(s) -
Mayer Michael,
Takegami Shigehiko,
Neumeier Michael,
Rink Simone,
Jacobi von Wangelin Axel,
Schulte Silja,
Vollmer Moritz,
Griesbeck Axel G.,
Duerkop Axel,
Baeumner Antje J.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
angewandte chemie international edition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.831
H-Index - 550
eISSN - 1521-3773
pISSN - 1433-7851
DOI - 10.1002/anie.201708630
Subject(s) - luminol , electrochemiluminescence , chemiluminescence , chemistry , detection limit , bioanalysis , fluorescence , chromatography , solubility , photochemistry , organic chemistry , physics , quantum mechanics
The most efficient and commonly used electrochemiluminescence (ECL) emitters are luminol, [Ru(bpy) 3 ] 2+ , and derivatives thereof. Luminol stands out due to its low excitation potential, but applications are limited by its insolubility under physiological conditions. The water‐soluble m ‐carboxy luminol was synthesized in 15 % yield and exhibited high solubility under physiological conditions and afforded a four‐fold ECL signal increase (vs. luminol). Entrapment in DNA‐tagged liposomes enabled a DNA assay with a detection limit of 3.2 pmol L −1 , which is 150 times lower than the corresponding fluorescence approach. This remarkable sensitivity gain and the low excitation potential establish m ‐carboxy luminol as a superior ECL probe with direct relevance to chemiluminescence and enzymatic bioanalytical approaches.