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3D Laser Micro‐ and Nanoprinting: Challenges for Chemistry
Author(s) -
BarnerKowollik Christopher,
Bastmeyer Martin,
Blasco Eva,
Delaittre Guillaume,
Müller Patrick,
Richter Benjamin,
Wegener Martin
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
angewandte chemie international edition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.831
H-Index - 550
eISSN - 1521-3773
pISSN - 1433-7851
DOI - 10.1002/anie.201704695
Subject(s) - nanotechnology , limiting , laser , 3d printing , computer science , fabrication , materials science , physics , mechanical engineering , engineering , optics , medicine , alternative medicine , pathology , composite material
3D printing is a powerful emerging technology for the tailored fabrication of advanced functional materials. This Review summarizes the state‐of‐the art with regard to 3D laser micro‐ and nanoprinting and explores the chemical challenges limiting its full exploitation: from the development of advanced functional materials for applications in cell biology and electronics to the chemical barriers that need to be overcome to enable fast writing velocities with resolution below the diffraction limit. We further explore chemical means to enable direct laser writing of multiple materials in one resist by highly wavelength selective (λ‐orthogonal) photochemical processes. Finally, chemical processes to construct adaptive 3D written structures that are able to respond to external stimuli, such as light, heat, pH value, or specific molecules, are highlighted, and advanced concepts for degradable scaffolds are explored.