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Inhibiting Polysulfide Shuttle in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries through Low‐Ion‐Pairing Salts and a Triflamide Solvent
Author(s) -
Shyamsunder Abhinandan,
Beichel Witali,
Klose Petra,
Pang Quan,
Scherer Harald,
Hoffmann Anke,
Murphy Graham K.,
Krossing Ingo,
Nazar Linda F.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
angewandte chemie international edition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.831
H-Index - 550
eISSN - 1521-3773
pISSN - 1433-7851
DOI - 10.1002/anie.201701026
Subject(s) - polysulfide , faraday efficiency , electrolyte , lithium (medication) , electrochemistry , chemistry , anode , battery (electricity) , energy storage , inorganic chemistry , gravimetric analysis , chemical engineering , materials science , organic chemistry , electrode , power (physics) , medicine , physics , quantum mechanics , engineering , endocrinology
The step‐change in gravimetric energy density needed for electrochemical energy storage devices to power unmanned autonomous vehicles, electric vehicles, and enable low‐cost clean grid storage is unlikely to be provided by conventional lithium ion batteries. Lithium–sulfur batteries comprising lightweight elements provide a promising alternative, but the associated polysulfide shuttle in typical ether‐based electrolytes generates loss in capacity and low coulombic efficiency. The first new electrolyte based on a unique combination of a relatively hydrophobic sulfonamide solvent and a low ion‐pairing salt, which inhibits the polysulfide shuttle, is presented. This system behaves as a sparingly solvating electrolyte at slightly elevated temperatures, where it sustains reversible capacities as high as 1200–1500 mAh g −1 over a wide range of current density (2C–C/5, respectively) when paired with a lithium metal anode, with a coulombic efficiency of >99.7 % in the absence of LiNO 3 additive.