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Zinc Regulates Chemical‐Transmitter Storage in Nanometer Vesicles and Exocytosis Dynamics as Measured by Amperometry
Author(s) -
Ren Lin,
Pour Masoumeh Dowlatshahi,
Majdi Soodabeh,
Li Xianchan,
Malmberg Per,
Ewing Andrew G.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
angewandte chemie international edition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.831
H-Index - 550
eISSN - 1521-3773
pISSN - 1433-7851
DOI - 10.1002/anie.201700095
Subject(s) - exocytosis , amperometry , vesicle , zinc , catecholamine , chemistry , biophysics , neurotransmitter , electrochemistry , biochemistry , electrode , biology , secretion , membrane , endocrinology , receptor , organic chemistry
We applied electrochemical techniques with nano‐tip electrodes to show that micromolar concentrations of zinc not only trigger changes in the dynamics of exocytosis, but also vesicle content in a model cell line. The vesicle catecholamine content in PC12 cells is significantly decreased after 100 μ m zinc treatment, but, catecholamine release during exocytosis remains nearly the same. This contrasts with the number of molecules stored in the exocytosis vesicles, which decreases, and we find that the amount of catecholamine released from zinc‐treated cells reaches nearly 100 % content expelled. Further investigation shows that zinc slows down exocytotic release. Our results provide the missing link between zinc and the regulation of neurotransmitter release processes, which might be important in memory formation and storage.