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Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Alkylations of Amines with Alkyl Halides: Photoinduced, Copper‐Catalyzed Couplings of Carbazoles
Author(s) -
Bissember Alex C.,
Lundgren Rylan J.,
Creutz Sidney E.,
Peters Jonas C.,
Fu Gregory C.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
angewandte chemie international edition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.831
H-Index - 550
eISSN - 1521-3773
pISSN - 1433-7851
DOI - 10.1002/anie.201301202
Subject(s) - alkyl , halide , catalysis , chemistry , transition metal , metal , combinatorial chemistry , organic chemistry
N‐alkylations of carbazoles with a variety of secondary and hindered primary alkyl iodides can be achieved by using a simple precatalyst (CuI) under mild conditions (0 °C) in the presence of a Brønsted base; at higher temperature (30 °C), secondary alkyl bromides also serve as suitable coupling partners. A Li[Cu(carbazolide) 2 ] complex has been crystallographically characterized, and it may serve as an intermediate in the catalytic cycle.