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Synthesis of Aromatic Nitriles Using Nonmetallic Cyano‐Group Sources
Author(s) -
Kim Jinho,
Kim Hyun Jin,
Chang Sukbok
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
angewandte chemie international edition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.831
H-Index - 550
eISSN - 1521-3773
pISSN - 1433-7851
DOI - 10.1002/anie.201206168
Subject(s) - cyanation , aryl , chemistry , halide , nitrile , group (periodic table) , metal , catalysis , cyanide , metal halides , stoichiometry , transition metal , medicinal chemistry , combinatorial chemistry , organic chemistry , alkyl
Aromatic nitriles are prepared efficiently through transition‐metal‐mediated cyanation of aryl (pseudo)halides with metallic cyano‐group sources, such as CuCN, KCN, NaCN, Zn(CN) 2 , TMSCN, or K 4 [Fe(CN) 6 ]. However, this approach often suffers from drawbacks, such as the formation of stoichiometric amounts of metal waste, the poisoning of the metal catalysts, or the generation of toxic HCN gas. As a result, a range of “nonmetallic” organic cyano‐group sources have been explored for the cyanation of aryl halides and arene CH bonds. This Minireview summarizes types of nonmetallic cyano‐group sources and their applications in the preparation of aryl nitriles.