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The Development of Bulky Palladium NHC Complexes for the Most‐Challenging Cross‐Coupling Reactions
Author(s) -
Valente Cory,
Çalimsiz Selçuk,
Hoi Ka Hou,
Mallik Debasis,
Sayah Mahmoud,
Organ Michael G.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
angewandte chemie international edition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.831
H-Index - 550
eISSN - 1521-3773
pISSN - 1433-7851
DOI - 10.1002/anie.201106131
Subject(s) - palladium , negishi coupling , phosphine , stille reaction , amination , carbene , chemistry , coupling reaction , pyridine , combinatorial chemistry , organic chemistry , catalysis , polymer chemistry
Palladium‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reactions enable organic chemists to form CC bonds in targeted positions and under mild conditions. Although phosphine ligands have been intensively researched, in the search for even better cross‐coupling catalysts attention has recently turned to the use of N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands, which form a strong bond to the palladium center. PEPPSI (pyridine‐enhanced precatalyst preparation, stabilization, and initiation) palladium precatalysts with bulky NHC ligands have established themselves as successful alternatives to palladium phosphine complexes. This Review shows the success of these species in Suzuki–Miyaura, Negishi, and Stille–Migita cross‐couplings as well as in amination and sulfination reactions.