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Nanocelluloses: A New Family of Nature‐Based Materials
Author(s) -
Klemm Dieter,
Kramer Friederike,
Moritz Sebastian,
Lindström Tom,
Ankerfors Mikael,
Gray Derek,
Dorris Annie
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
angewandte chemie international edition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.831
H-Index - 550
eISSN - 1521-3773
pISSN - 1433-7851
DOI - 10.1002/anie.201001273
Subject(s) - nanocellulose , cellulose , biomaterial , materials science , bacterial cellulose , nanocomposite , biofabrication , nanocrystalline material , nanotechnology , polymer science , polymer , polymer nanocomposite , composite material , chemistry , organic chemistry , tissue engineering , biomedical engineering , medicine
Cellulose fibrils with widths in the nanometer range are nature‐based materials with unique and potentially useful features. Most importantly, these novel nanocelluloses open up the strongly expanding fields of sustainable materials and nanocomposites, as well as medical and life‐science devices, to the natural polymer cellulose. The nanodimensions of the structural elements result in a high surface area and hence the powerful interaction of these celluloses with surrounding species, such as water, organic and polymeric compounds, nanoparticles, and living cells. This Review assembles the current knowledge on the isolation of microfibrillated cellulose from wood and its application in nanocomposites; the preparation of nanocrystalline cellulose and its use as a reinforcing agent; and the biofabrication of bacterial nanocellulose, as well as its evaluation as a biomaterial for medical implants.