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Carbon Dioxide Capture: Prospects for New Materials
Author(s) -
D'Alessandro Deanna M.,
Smit Berend,
Long Jeffrey R.
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
angewandte chemie international edition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.831
H-Index - 550
eISSN - 1521-3773
pISSN - 1433-7851
DOI - 10.1002/anie.201000431
Subject(s) - sweetening , carbon dioxide , environmental science , carbon dioxide in earth's atmosphere , carbon capture and storage (timeline) , process engineering , atmosphere (unit) , waste management , environmental chemistry , chemistry , engineering , meteorology , physics , biology , ecology , food science , sweetening agents , organic chemistry , climate change
The escalating level of atmospheric carbon dioxide is one of the most pressing environmental concerns of our age. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) from large point sources such as power plants is one option for reducing anthropogenic CO 2 emissions; however, currently the capture alone will increase the energy requirements of a plant by 25–40 %. This Review highlights the challenges for capture technologies which have the greatest likelihood of reducing CO 2 emissions to the atmosphere, namely postcombustion (predominantly CO 2 /N 2 separation), precombustion (CO 2 /H 2 ) capture, and natural gas sweetening (CO 2 /CH 4 ). The key factor which underlies significant advancements lies in improved materials that perform the separations. In this regard, the most recent developments and emerging concepts in CO 2 separations by solvent absorption, chemical and physical adsorption, and membranes, amongst others, will be discussed, with particular attention on progress in the burgeoning field of metal–organic frameworks.