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Stable Singlet Carbenes—Plentiful and Versatile
Author(s) -
Kirmse Wolfgang
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
angewandte chemie international edition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.831
H-Index - 550
eISSN - 1521-3773
pISSN - 1433-7851
DOI - 10.1002/anie.200301729
Subject(s) - steric effects , substituent , singlet state , chemistry , mechanism (biology) , electron donor , group (periodic table) , stereochemistry , combinatorial chemistry , catalysis , organic chemistry , physics , quantum mechanics , nuclear physics , excited state
Electron donation from substituents is the principal mechanism of stabilizing singlet carbenes. Two amino groups are optimal ( A ). With additional steric protection, one amino group is sufficient ( B ). The effect of phosphanyl groups is enhanced by an electron acceptor as the second substituent ( C ).