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First Experimental Determination of the Ionization Potentials of Berkelium and Californium
Author(s) -
Köhler Stefan,
Erdmann Nicole,
Nunnemann Martin,
Herrmann Günter,
Huber Gerhard,
Kratz Jens Volker,
Passler Gerd,
Trautmann Norbert
Publication year - 1996
Publication title -
angewandte chemie international edition in english
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.831
H-Index - 550
eISSN - 1521-3773
pISSN - 0570-0833
DOI - 10.1002/anie.199628561
Subject(s) - californium , ionization , atomic physics , atmospheric pressure laser ionization , extrapolation , mass spectrometry , chemical ionization , photoionization , chemistry , ion source , physics , ion , nuclear physics , mathematical analysis , mathematics , organic chemistry , chromatography , neutron
Only 10 12 atoms of an element are required for the determination of its first ionization potential by resonance ionization with laser light in the presence of an electric field and subsequent mass spectrometry. The figure on the right shows the ionization thresholds W th of berkelium and californium and the extrapolation to the external field strength E = 0, which yields the ionization potentials I (49989(2) and 50665(2) cm −1 , respectively).