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d‐Electron Density in Formal d 0 Systems from Multiplet Splitting in the Photoelectron Spectrum of Permanganates
Author(s) -
Schmalz Michael,
Schöllhorn Robert,
Schlögl Robert
Publication year - 1991
Publication title -
angewandte chemie international edition in english
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.831
H-Index - 550
eISSN - 1521-3773
pISSN - 0570-0833
DOI - 10.1002/anie.199109671
Subject(s) - multiplet , electron , atomic orbital , ion , atomic physics , charge density , spectrum (functional analysis) , charge (physics) , physics , condensed matter physics , chemistry , spectral line , quantum mechanics
A total of 3.5 electrons are present in the formally empty d orbitals of manganese in MnO 4 −. This was found by analysis of the multiplet splitting in the Mn 3 s photoelectron spectrum. The appearance of this splitting is itself a proof that d electrons are present. As a consequence, the charge at the oxygen ions must be substantially less than − 2. These results are of importance for the description of the charge distribution in high‐temperature superconductors of the oxometallic type.