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Glycopolymer Microarrays with Sub‐Femtomolar Avidity for Glycan Binding Proteins Prepared by Grafted‐To/Grafted‐From Photopolymerizations
Author(s) -
Valles Daniel J.,
Zholdassov Yerzhan S.,
Korpanty Joanna,
Uddin Samiha,
Naeem Yasir,
Mootoo David R.,
Gianneschi Nathan C.,
Braunschweig Adam B.
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
angewandte chemie
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1521-3757
pISSN - 0044-8249
DOI - 10.1002/ange.202105729
Subject(s) - photopolymer , polymer brush , glycan , chemistry , polymerization , concanavalin a , polymer , polymer chemistry , acrylate , avidity , grafting , photolithography , nanotechnology , organic chemistry , materials science , monomer , biochemistry , glycoprotein , immunology , antibody , in vitro , biology
We report a novel glycan array architecture that binds the mannose‐specific glycan binding protein, concanavalin A (ConA), with sub‐femtomolar avidity. A new radical photopolymerization developed specifically for this application combines the grafted‐from thiol–(meth)acrylate polymerization with thiol–ene chemistry to graft glycans to the growing polymer brushes. The propagation of the brushes was studied by carrying out this grafted‐to/grafted‐from radical photopolymerization (GTGFRP) at >400 different conditions using hypersurface photolithography, a printing strategy that substantially accelerates reaction discovery and optimization on surfaces. The effect of brush height and the grafting density of mannosides on the binding of ConA to the brushes was studied systematically, and we found that multivalent and cooperative binding account for the unprecedented sensitivity of the GTGFRP brushes. This study further demonstrates the ease with which new chemistry can be tailored for an application as a result of the advantages of hypersurface photolithography.