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Division and Regrowth of Phase‐Separated Giant Unilamellar Vesicles **
Author(s) -
Dreher Yannik,
Jahnke Kevin,
Bobkova Elizaveta,
Spatz Joachim P.,
Göpfrich Kerstin
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
angewandte chemie
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1521-3757
pISSN - 0044-8249
DOI - 10.1002/ange.202014174
Subject(s) - vesicle , division (mathematics) , osmotic concentration , biophysics , lipid vesicle , cell division , phase (matter) , chemistry , fusion , fluorescein , osmotic shock , chemical physics , fluorescence , nanotechnology , membrane , materials science , biology , biochemistry , physics , optics , organic chemistry , cell , mathematics , arithmetic , gene , linguistics , philosophy
Success in the bottom‐up assembly of synthetic cells will depend on strategies for the division of protocellular compartments. Here, we describe the controlled division of phase‐separated giant unilamellar lipid vesicles (GUVs). We derive an analytical model based on the vesicle geometry, which makes four quantitative predictions that we verify experimentally. We find that the osmolarity ratio required for division is 2 , independent of the GUV size, while asymmetric division happens at lower osmolarity ratios. Remarkably, we show that a suitable osmolarity change can be triggered by water evaporation, enzymatic decomposition of sucrose or light‐triggered uncaging of CMNB‐fluorescein. The latter provides full spatiotemporal control, such that a target GUV undergoes division whereas the surrounding GUVs remain unaffected. Finally, we grow phase‐separated vesicles from single‐phased vesicles by targeted fusion of the opposite lipid type with programmable DNA tags to enable subsequent division cycles.