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Environmentally Sensitive Color‐Shifting Fluorophores for Bioimaging
Author(s) -
Wang Lu,
Hiblot Julien,
Popp Christoph,
Xue Lin,
Johnsson Kai
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
angewandte chemie
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1521-3757
pISSN - 0044-8249
DOI - 10.1002/ange.202008357
Subject(s) - fluorescence , biosensor , chemistry , intramolecular force , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide , photochemistry , molecular engineering , biophysics , nanotechnology , biochemistry , organic chemistry , materials science , nad+ kinase , physics , quantum mechanics , biology , enzyme
We introduce color‐shifting fluorophores that reversibly switch between a green and red fluorescent form through intramolecular spirocyclization. The equilibrium of the spirocyclization is environmentally sensitive and can be directly measured by determining the ratio of red to green fluorescence, thereby enabling the generation of ratiometric fluorescent probes and biosensors. Specifically, we developed a ratiometric biosensor for imaging calcium ions (Ca 2+ ) in living cells, ratiometric probes for different proteins, and a bioassay for the quantification of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate.