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A Highly Efficient All‐Solid‐State Lithium/Electrolyte Interface Induced by an Energetic Reaction
Author(s) -
Zhong Yiren,
Xie Yujun,
Hwang Sooyeon,
Wang Qian,
Cha Judy J.,
Su Dong,
Wang Hailiang
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
angewandte chemie
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1521-3757
pISSN - 0044-8249
DOI - 10.1002/ange.202004477
Subject(s) - faraday efficiency , overpotential , electrolyte , lithium metal , lithium (medication) , anode , metal , materials science , chemical engineering , fast ion conductor , dendrite (mathematics) , electrode , chemistry , inorganic chemistry , electrochemistry , metallurgy , medicine , engineering , endocrinology , geometry , mathematics
Abstract The energetic chemical reaction between Zn(NO 3 ) 2 and Li is used to create a solid‐state interface between Li metal and Li 6.4 La 3 Zr 1.4 Ta 0.6 O 12 (LLZTO) electrolyte. This interlayer, composed of Zn, ZnLi x alloy, Li 3 N, Li 2 O, and other species, possesses strong affinities with both Li metal and LLZTO and affords highly efficient conductive pathways for Li + transport through the interface. The unique structure and properties of the interlayer lead to Li metal anodes with longer cycle life, higher efficiency, and better safety compared to the current best Li metal electrodes operating in liquid electrolytes while retaining comparable capacity, rate, and overpotential. All‐solid‐state Li||Li cells can operate at very demanding current–capacity conditions of 4 mA cm −2 –8 mAh cm −2 . Thousands of hours of continuous cycling are achieved at Coulombic efficiency >99.5 % without dendrite formation or side reactions with the electrolyte.