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Enriching and Quantifying Porous Single Layer 2D Polymers by Exfoliation of Chemically Modified van der Waals Crystals
Author(s) -
Lange Ralph Z.,
Synnatschke Kevin,
Qi Haoyuan,
Huber Niklas,
Hofer Gregor,
Liang Baokun,
Huck Christian,
Pucci Annemarie,
Kaiser Ute,
Backes Claudia,
Schlüter A. Dieter
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
angewandte chemie
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1521-3757
pISSN - 0044-8249
DOI - 10.1002/ange.201912705
Subject(s) - exfoliation joint , monolayer , polymer , nanosheet , graphite , materials science , van der waals force , chemical engineering , crystal (programming language) , porosity , colloidal crystal , layer (electronics) , nanotechnology , graphene , colloid , chemistry , organic chemistry , composite material , molecule , computer science , engineering , programming language
2D polymer sheets with six positively charged pyrylium groups at each pore edge in a stacked single crystal can be transformed into a 2D polymer with six pyridines per pore by exposure to gaseous ammonia. This reaction furnishes still a crystalline material with tunable protonation degree at regular nano‐sized pores promising as separation membrane. The exfoliation is compared for both 2D polymers with the latter being superior. Its liquid phase exfoliation yields nanosheet dispersions, which can be size‐selected using centrifugation cascades. Monolayer contents of ≈30 % are achieved with ≈130 nm sized sheets in mg quantities, corresponding to tens of trillions of monolayers. Quantification of nanosheet sizes, layer number and mass shows that this exfoliation is comparable to graphite. Thus, we expect that recent advances in exfoliation of graphite or inorganic crystals (e.g. scale‐up, printing etc.) can be directly applied to this 2D polymer as well as to covalent organic frameworks.