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Exploiting Mechanistic Solvation Kinetics for Dual‐Graphite Batteries with High Power Output at Extremely Low Temperature
Author(s) -
Holoubek John,
Yin Yijie,
Li Mingqian,
Yu Mingyu,
Meng Ying Shirley,
Liu Ping,
Chen Zheng
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
angewandte chemie
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1521-3757
pISSN - 0044-8249
DOI - 10.1002/ange.201912167
Subject(s) - electrolyte , graphite , dielectric spectroscopy , lithium (medication) , electrochemical kinetics , electrochemistry , solvation , ionic conductivity , conductivity , battery (electricity) , chemical engineering , materials science , ion , chemistry , electrode , power (physics) , thermodynamics , composite material , organic chemistry , engineering , endocrinology , medicine , physics
Improving the extremely low temperature operation of rechargeable batteries is vital to the operation of electronics in extreme environments, where systems capable of high‐rate discharge are in short supply. Herein, we demonstrate the holistic design of dual‐graphite batteries, which circumvent the sluggish ion‐desolvation process found in typical lithium‐ion batteries during discharge. These batteries were enabled by a novel electrolyte, which simultaneously provides high electrochemical stability and ionic conductivity at low temperature. The dual‐graphite cells, when compared to industry‐type graphite ∥ LiCoO 2 full‐cells demonstrated an 11 times increased capacity retention at −60 °C for a 10 C discharge rate, indicative of the superior kinetics of the “dual‐ion” storage mechanism. These trends are further supported by galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements at reduced temperature. This work provides a new design strategy for extreme low‐temperature batteries.