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Real‐Time Intracellular Measurements of ROS and RNS in Living Cells with Single Core–Shell Nanowire Electrodes
Author(s) -
Zhang XinWei,
Qiu QuanFa,
Jiang Hong,
Zhang FuLi,
Liu YanLin,
Amatore Christian,
Huang WeiHua
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
angewandte chemie
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1521-3757
pISSN - 0044-8249
DOI - 10.1002/ange.201707187
Subject(s) - nanowire , electrode , nanotechnology , materials science , intracellular , shell (structure) , core (optical fiber) , electrochemistry , organelle , chemistry , composite material , biochemistry
Nanoelectrodes allow precise and quantitative measurements of important biological processes at the single living‐cell level in real time. Cylindrical nanowire electrodes (NWEs) required for intracellular measurements create a great challenge for achieving excellent electrochemical and mechanical performances. Herein, we present a facile and robust solution to this problem based on a unique SiC‐core–shell design to produce cylindrical NWEs with superior mechanical toughness provided by the SiC nano‐core and an excellent electrochemical performance provided by the ultrathin carbon shell that can be used as such or platinized. The use of such NWEs for biological applications is illustrated by the first quantitative measurements of ROS/RNS in individual phagolysosomes of living macrophages. As the shell material can be varied to meet any specific detection purpose, this work opens up new opportunities to monitor quantitatively biological functions occurring inside cells and their organelles.