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Fluorine Pseudocontact Shifts Used for Characterizing the Protein–Ligand Interaction Mode in the Limit of NMR Intermediate Exchange
Author(s) -
Gao Jia,
Liang E,
Ma Rongsheng,
Li Fudong,
Liu Yixiang,
Liu Jiuyang,
Jiang Ling,
Li Conggang,
Dai Haiming,
Wu Jihui,
Su Xuncheng,
He Wei,
Ruan Ke
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
angewandte chemie
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1521-3757
pISSN - 0044-8249
DOI - 10.1002/ange.201707114
Subject(s) - chemistry , bromodomain , ligand (biochemistry) , affinities , protein ligand , crystallography , nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy , characterization (materials science) , solid state nuclear magnetic resonance , chemical shift , stereochemistry , nuclear magnetic resonance , nanotechnology , materials science , biochemistry , receptor , physics , acetylation , gene
The characterization of protein–ligand interaction modes becomes recalcitrant in the NMR intermediate exchange regime as the interface resonances are broadened beyond detection. Here, we determined the 19 F low‐populated bound‐state pseudocontact shifts (PCSs) of mono‐ and di‐fluorinated inhibitors of the BRM bromodomain using a highly skewed protein/ligand ratio. The bound‐state 19 F PCSs were retrieved from 19 F chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) in the presence of the lanthanide‐labeled protein, which was termed the 19 F PCS‐CEST approach. These PCSs enriched in spatial information enabled the identification of best‐fitting poses, which agree well with the crystal structure of a more soluble analog in complex with the BRM bromodomain. This approach fills the gap of the NMR structural characterization of lead‐like inhibitors with moderate affinities to target proteins, which are essential for structure‐guided hit‐to‐lead evolution.