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Peroxidyme‐Amplified Radical Chain Reaction (PARCR): Visible Detection of a Catalytic Reporter
Author(s) -
Goertz John P.,
White Ian M.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
angewandte chemie
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1521-3757
pISSN - 0044-8249
DOI - 10.1002/ange.201706163
Subject(s) - deoxyribozyme , phenoxazine , chain reaction , chemistry , hemin , fluorescence , photochemistry , naked eye , combinatorial chemistry , visible spectrum , peroxidase , molecular beacon , chromogenic , catalysis , dna , detection limit , enzyme , biochemistry , materials science , heme , optoelectronics , oligonucleotide , medicine , physics , chromatography , quantum mechanics , phenothiazine , pharmacology
Peroxidyme Amplified Radical Chain Reaction (PARCR), a novel enzyme‐free system that achieves exponential amplification of a visible signal, is presented. Typical enzyme‐free amplification systems that produce a visible readout suffer from long reaction times, low sensitivity, and narrow dynamic range. PARCR employs photocatalyzed nonlinear signal generation, enabling unprecedented one‐pot, naked‐eye detection of a catalytic reporter from 1 μ m down to 100 p m . In this reaction, hemin‐binding peroxidase‐mimicking DNAzymes (“peroxidymes”) mediate the NADH‐driven oxidation of a colorless, nonfluorescent phenoxazine dye (Amplex Red) to a brightly colored, strongly fluorescent product (resorufin); illumination with green light initiates multiple radical‐forming positive‐feedback loops, rapidly producing visible levels of resorufin. Collectively, these results demonstrate the potential of PARCR as an easy‐to‐use readout for a range of detection schemes, including aptamer labels, hybridization assays, and nucleic acid amplification.