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Versatile Room‐Temperature‐Phosphorescent Materials Prepared from N‐Substituted Naphthalimides: Emission Enhancement and Chemical Conjugation
Author(s) -
Chen Xiaofeng,
Xu Cheng,
Wang Tao,
Zhou Cao,
Du Jiajun,
Wang Zhongping,
Xu Hangxun,
Xie Tongqing,
Bi Guoqiang,
Jiang Jun,
Zhang Xuepeng,
Demas James N.,
Trindle Carl O.,
Luo Yi,
Zhang Guoqing
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
angewandte chemie
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1521-3757
pISSN - 0044-8249
DOI - 10.1002/ange.201601252
Subject(s) - phosphorescence , intramolecular force , chemistry , ligand (biochemistry) , photochemistry , acceptor , molecule , conjugated system , macromolecule , metal , fluorescence , stereochemistry , organic chemistry , polymer , physics , quantum mechanics , biochemistry , receptor , condensed matter physics
Purely organic materials with room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) are currently under intense investigation because of their potential applications in sensing, imaging, and displaying. Inspired by certain organometallic systems, where ligand‐localized phosphorescence ( 3 π‐π*) is mediated by ligand‐to‐metal or metal‐to‐ligand charge transfer (CT) states, we now show that donor‐to‐acceptor CT states from the same organic molecule can also mediate π‐localized RTP. In the model system of N‐substituted naphthalimides (NNIs), the relatively large energy gap between the NNI‐localized 1 π‐π* and 3 π‐π* states of the aromatic ring can be bridged by intramolecular CT states when the NNI is chemically modified with an electron donor. These NNI‐based RTP materials can be easily conjugated to both synthetic and natural macromolecules, which can be used for RTP microscopy.