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Broadband, High‐Efficiency and Wide‐Incident‐Angle Anomalous Reflection in Groove Metagratings
Author(s) -
Liu Chuanbao,
He Jingjin,
Zhou Ji,
Xu Jianchun,
Bi Ke,
Chen Junhong,
Qiao Lijie,
Bai Yang
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
annalen der physik
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.009
H-Index - 68
eISSN - 1521-3889
pISSN - 0003-3804
DOI - 10.1002/andp.202100149
Subject(s) - optics , broadband , bandwidth (computing) , specular reflection , retroreflector , reflection (computer programming) , fresnel equations , corner reflector , reflection coefficient , physics , materials science , refractive index , laser , telecommunications , computer science , programming language
In this paper, some nonplanar metagratings with multilevel asymmetric grooves are demonstrated to produce broadband and high‐efficiency anomalous reflection in wide‐incident‐angle range. First, bipartite metagrating with two asymmetric grooves per unit cell is proposed and optimized by machine learning. It can not only realize a high efficiency (≈88.8%) and large‐angle (≈70°) anomalous reflection under normal incidence, but also preserve the high performance over broad bandwidth (12.0–20.0 GHz) and wide‐incident‐angle range. Furthermore, to improve the large‐angle anomalous reflection at low frequencies, a tripartite metagrating is designed. The participation of more cavity modes makes the metagrating achieve the anomalous reflection with an efficiency greater than 90% over a broader bandwidth from ±1st Rayleigh anomalies to 20.0 GHz (even higher) and a wide range of incident angles from −70° to 70°, which is verified by the experimental measurement. Especially at an incident angle of 20°, the high‐efficiency anomalous reflection is sustained over an ultrabroad frequency range from 9.7 to 21.2 GHz, i.e., a fractional bandwidth of 74.4%. The excellent performance of anomalous reflection and relatively simple structures endow the asymmetric groove metagratings with abundant functions, such as ideal three‐channel retroreflector and abnormal reflector, and make them attractive in highly efficient and extreme wave manipulation.