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Quantum Dot Systems: a versatile platform for quantum simulations
Author(s) -
Barthelemy Pierre,
Vandersypen Lieven M. K.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
annalen der physik
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.009
H-Index - 68
eISSN - 1521-3889
pISSN - 0003-3804
DOI - 10.1002/andp.201300124
Subject(s) - quantum simulator , quantum , open quantum system , physics , quantum dot , quantum network , quantum technology , quantum dynamics , hamiltonian (control theory) , quantum algorithm , quantum process , quantum computer , quantum mechanics , statistical physics , mathematics , mathematical optimization
Quantum mechanics often results in extremely complex phenomena, especially when the quantum system under consideration is composed of many interacting particles. The states of these many‐body systems live in a space so large that classical numerical calculations cannot compute them. Quantum simulations can be used to overcome this problem: complex quantum problems can be solved by studying experimentally an artificial quantum system operated to simulate the desired hamiltonian. Quantum dot systems have shown to be widely tunable quantum systems, that can be efficiently controlled electrically. This tunability and the versatility of their design makes them very promising quantum simulators. This paper reviews the progress towards digital quantum simulations with individually controlled quantum dots, as well as the analog quantum simulations that have been performed with these systems. The possibility to use large arrays of quantum dots to simulate the low‐temperature Hubbard model is also discussed. The main issues along that path are presented and new ideas to overcome them are proposed.