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Neurodevelopmental effects of X monosomy: A volumetric imaging study
Author(s) -
Reiss Allan L.,
Mazzocco Michèle M. M.,
Greenlaw Ronald,
Freund Lisa S.,
Ross Judith L.
Publication year - 1995
Publication title -
annals of neurology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 4.764
H-Index - 296
eISSN - 1531-8249
pISSN - 0364-5134
DOI - 10.1002/ana.410380507
Subject(s) - white matter , psychology , parietal lobe , monosomy , turner syndrome , magnetic resonance imaging , brain size , developmental psychology , anatomy , neuroscience , medicine , biology , chromosome , karyotype , genetics , gene , radiology
Thirty girls with Turner syndrome (TuS) were compared with 30 individually age‐matched controls on volumtric brain measures derived from magentic resonance imaging and on measures of psychological functioning. As expected, girls with TuS performed more poorly on visual‐spatial and intellectual measures relative to controls, and were rated by their parents as having more significant problems in attention and social behaviors. Although no group differences in overall cerebral or subcortical volumes were observed, the regional distribution of gray and white matter differed across groups in both right and left parietal regions. Differences in total tissue volume ratios were seen for both right and left parietal regions. In general, girls with TuS had a smaller proportion of tissue (gray and white) within the right and left parietal regions, and a larger proportion of tissue within the right inferior parietal‐occipital region relative to girls in the control group. These data suggest a potentially important role for X chromosome genes and/or sex steroids in the development and specialization of brain structure and function.