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Neurological complications in infants and children with acquired immune deficiency syndrome
Author(s) -
Belman Anita Lesgold,
Ultmann Monica H.,
Horoupian Dikran,
Novick Brian,
Spiro Alfred J.,
Rubinstein Arye,
Kurtzberg Diane,
ConeWesson Barbara
Publication year - 1985
Publication title -
annals of neurology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 4.764
H-Index - 296
eISSN - 1531-8249
pISSN - 0364-5134
DOI - 10.1002/ana.410180509
Subject(s) - corticospinal tract , medicine , microcephaly , basal ganglia , pyramidal tracts , dementia , atrophy , cerebral atrophy , calcification , white matter , hyperintensity , pathology , pediatrics , central nervous system , magnetic resonance imaging , anatomy , disease , radiology , diffusion mri
Neurological complications occurred in 6 children, aged 6 months to 5 years, with acquired immune deficiency syndrome who were followed for 14 months. The most frequent manifestations included encephalopathies, acquired microcephaly, and pyramidal tract signs. Computed tomographic examinations showed variable degrees of cortical atrophy with ventricular dilatation and calcification. Electrophysiological abnormalities were demonstrated. Two children had documented central nervous system infections. Neurological deterioration resulted in dementia in 3 children. Cognitive impairment and developmental delays were evident in the other 3. Postmortem examination of the 3 children who died showed subacute cytomegalovirus encephalitis in 1; nonspecific hemispheric white matter changes, calcific vasopathy of the basal ganglia, and striking bilateral corticospinal tract degeneration in the second; and extensive calcific vasopathy of the basal ganglia and frontal centrum semiovale, and bilateral attenuation of the frontopontine and corticospinal tracts in the third.