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Serum neurofilaments increase at progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy onset in natalizumab‐treated multiple sclerosis patients
Author(s) -
Dalla Costa Gloria,
Martinelli Vittorio,
Moiola Lucia,
Sangalli Francesca,
Colombo Bruno,
Finardi Annamaria,
Cinque Paola,
Kolb EvaMaria,
Haghikia Aiden,
Gold Ralf,
Furlan Roberto,
Comi Giancarlo
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
annals of neurology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 4.764
H-Index - 296
eISSN - 1531-8249
pISSN - 0364-5134
DOI - 10.1002/ana.25437
Subject(s) - natalizumab , progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy , multiple sclerosis , medicine , leukoencephalopathy , jc virus , cohort , immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome , gastroenterology , pathology , immunology , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , disease , antiretroviral therapy , viral load
This study analyzed serum neurofilament light chains (NfL) in 2 European cohorts of 312 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients to investigate whether NfL are biomarkers of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) during natalizumab treatment. The cohort comprised 25 PML, 136 natalizumab‐treated, and 151 untreated MS patients. Patients subsequently developing PML had similar NfL to other natalizumab‐treated MS patients. At PML onset, NfL were 10‐fold higher than in the pre‐PML condition and in natalizumab‐treated or untreated MS patients, and NfL continued to increase until onset of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. The results suggest that in natalizumab‐treated patients, NfL may represent an early and accessible marker of PML. Ann Neurol 2019;85:606–610