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Congenital nystagmus: Randomized, controlled, double‐masked trial of memantine/gabapentin
Author(s) -
McLean Rebecca,
Proudlock Frank,
Thomas Shery,
Degg Chris,
Gottlob Irene
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
annals of neurology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 4.764
H-Index - 296
eISSN - 1531-8249
pISSN - 0364-5134
DOI - 10.1002/ana.21065
Subject(s) - gabapentin , memantine , nystagmus , placebo , medicine , visual acuity , randomized controlled trial , anesthesia , audiology , psychology , ophthalmology , surgery , nmda receptor , receptor , alternative medicine , pathology
Objective Nystagmus consists of involuntary to and fro movements of the eyes. Although studies have shown that memantine and gabapentin can reduce acquired nystagmus, no drug treatment has been systematically investigated in congenital nystagmus. Methods We performed a randomized, double‐masked, placebo‐controlled study investigating the effects of memantine and gabapentin on congenital nystagmus over a period of 56 days. The primary outcome measure was logarithmic minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) visual acuity; the secondary outcome measures were nystagmus intensity and foveation, subjective questionnaires about visual function (VF‐14) and social function. Analyses were by intention to treat. Results Forty‐eight patients were included in the study. One patient in the placebo group dropped out. Patients were randomized into either a memantine group (n = 16), gabapentin group (n = 16), or placebo group (n = 15). Mean visual acuity improvements showed a significant effect between treatment groups ( F = 6.2; p = 0.004, analysis of variance) with improvement in both memantine and gabapentin groups. Participants with afferent visual defects showed poorer improvements in visual acuity to medication than those with apparently normal visual systems. However, eye movement recordings showed that both nystagmus forms improved in nystagmus intensity ( F = 7.7; p = 0.001) and foveation ( F = 8.7; p = 0.0007). Participants subjectively reported an improvement in vision after memantine and gabapentin treatment more often than in the placebo group ( p = 0.03). However, there were no significant differences between the treatment groups with visual function (VF‐14) or social function questionnaires because all groups reported improvements. Interpretation Our findings show that pharmacological agents such as memantine and gabapentin can improve visual acuity, reduce nystagmus intensity, and improve foveation in congenital nystagmus. Ann Neurol 2007