Premium
Rapid modulation of GABA in sensorimotor cortex induced by acute deafferentation
Author(s) -
Levy Lucien M.,
Ziemann Ulf,
Chen Robert,
Cohen Leonardo G.
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
annals of neurology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 4.764
H-Index - 296
eISSN - 1531-8249
pISSN - 0364-5134
DOI - 10.1002/ana.10372
Subject(s) - neuroscience , inhibitory postsynaptic potential , cerebral cortex , sensory system , sensory cortex , central nervous system , gamma aminobutyric acid , neuroplasticity , tonic (physiology) , cortex (anatomy) , neurotransmitter , sensorimotor cortex , psychology , chemistry , medicine , receptor
Recovery of function after acute injury to the central nervous system may be controlled by the availability of γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA), the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the cerebral cortex. Acute lesions as well as manipulation of sensory inputs can lead to rapid reorganization of the cerebral cortex, occurring within minutes to hours. Reduction of cortical inhibitory tone through a decrease in the availability of GABA has been suggested as a possible mechanism; however, the degree and temporal course of the changes in brain GABA are not known. A novel method using two‐dimensional J‐resolved magnetic resonance spectroscopy showed that GABA levels in the human sensorimotor cortex are quickly reduced within minutes of deafferentation. This finding strongly supports the view that the release of latent corticocortical projections from tonic inhibition through decreased GABA availability is a mechanism of rapid cortical plasticity. Reduction of brain GABA can play a pivotal role in regulating the extent of rapid cortical reorganization after lesions or changes in sensory input. Ann Neurol 2002;52:000–000