Open AccessTherapeutic strategies for ischemia reperfusion injury in emergency medicine
Author(s) -
Naito Hiromichi,
Nojima Tsuyoshi,
Fujisaki Noritomo,
Tsukahara Kohei,
Yamamoto Hirotsugu,
Yamada Taihei,
Aokage Toshiyuki,
Yumoto Tetsuya,
Osako Takaaki,
Nakao Atsunori
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
acute medicine and surgery
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2052-8817
DOI - 10.1002/ams2.501
Subject(s) - medicine , ischemia , reperfusion injury , inflammation , organ dysfunction , lipid peroxidation , pharmacology , intensive care medicine , oxidative stress , sepsis
Ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury occurs when blood supply, perfusion, and concomitant reoxygenation is restored to an organ or area following an initial poor blood supply after a critical time period. Ischemia reperfusion injury contributes to mortality and morbidity in many pathological conditions in emergency medicine clinical practice, including trauma, ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, and post‐cardiac arrest syndrome. The process of IR is multifactorial, and its pathogenesis involves several mechanisms. Reactive oxygen species are considered key molecules in reperfusion injury due to their potent oxidizing and reducing effects that directly damage cellular membranes by lipid peroxidation. In general, IR injury to an individual organ causes various pro‐inflammatory mediators to be released, which could then induce inflammation in remote organs, thereby possibly advancing the dysfunction of multiple organs. In this review, we summarize IR injury in emergency medicine. Potential therapies include pharmacological treatment, ischemic preconditioning, and the use of medical gases or vitamin therapy, which could significantly help experts develop strategies to inhibit IR injury.