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Is amyloid involved in acute neuroinflammation? A CSF analysis in encephalitis
Author(s) -
Padovani Alessandro,
Canale Antonio,
Schiavon Lorenzo,
Masciocchi Stefano,
Imarisio Alberto,
Risi Barbara,
Bonzi Giulio,
De Giuli Valeria,
Di Luca Monica,
Ashton Nicholas J.,
Blennow Kaj,
Zetterberg Henrik,
Pilotto Andrea
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
alzheimer's and dementia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.713
H-Index - 118
eISSN - 1552-5279
pISSN - 1552-5260
DOI - 10.1002/alz.12554
Subject(s) - neuroinflammation , cerebrospinal fluid , amyloid (mycology) , inflammation , microglia , medicine , immunology , pathology
Several investigations have argued for a strong relationship between neuroinflammation and amyloid metabolism but it is still unclear whether inflammation exerts a pro‐amyloidogenic effect, amplifies the neurotoxic effect of amyloid, or is protective. Methods Forty‐two patients with acute encephalitis (ENC) and 18 controls underwent an extended cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) panel of inflammatory, amyloid (Aβ40, 42, and 38, sAPP‐α, sAPP‐β), glial, and neuronal biomarkers. Linear and non‐linear correlations between CSF biomarkers were evaluated studying conditional independence relationships. Results CSF levels of inflammatory cytokines and neuronal/glial markers were higher in ENC compared to controls, whereas the levels of amyloid‐related markers did not differ. Inflammatory markers were not associated with amyloid markers but exhibited a correlation with glial and neuronal markers in conditional independence analysis. Discussion By an extensive CSF biomarkers analysis, this study showed that an acute neuroinflammation state, which is associated with glial activation and neuronal damage, does not influence amyloid homeostasis.