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Tracing temporal trends in dementia incidence over 25 years in central Stockholm, Sweden
Author(s) -
Ding Mozhu,
Qiu Chengxuan,
Rizzuto Debora,
Grande Giulia,
Fratiglioni Laura
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
alzheimer's and dementia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.713
H-Index - 118
eISSN - 1552-5279
pISSN - 1552-5260
DOI - 10.1002/alz.12073
Subject(s) - dementia , incidence (geometry) , hazard ratio , medicine , demography , gerontology , confidence interval , cohort study , cohort , vascular dementia , population , cognitive decline , environmental health , disease , physics , sociology , optics
Recent reports from high‐income countries have suggested a declining incidence of dementia. Methods Trends in dementia incidence over 25 years among people ≥75 years of age were examined using two population‐based cohort studies: the Kungsholmen Project (KP, n = 1473, 1987‐1998) and the Swedish National study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen (SNAC‐K, n = 1746, 2001‐2013). Results We identified 440 (29.9%) and 388 (22.2%) incident dementia cases in the KP and SNAC‐K cohorts, respectively. The incidence of dementia declined by 30% (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.61‐0.80) during the second decade. Adjustment of education, psychosocial working conditions, lifestyle, and vascular diseases did not substantially change the results (HR = 0.77, 95% CI 0.65‐0.90). This decline was observed particularly in women and people with elementary education. Discussion Our study provides direct evidence of a declining trend in dementia incidence. Improved cognitive reserve and cardiovascular health could partially explain the decline.