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The Amsterdam Experience: Insights from 7 years of retinal biomarker experience in a tertiary memory clinic
Author(s) -
den Haan Jurre
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
alzheimer's and dementia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.713
H-Index - 118
eISSN - 1552-5279
pISSN - 1552-5260
DOI - 10.1002/alz.055240
Subject(s) - biomarker , medicine , retinal , fundus photography , retina , neuroscience , dementia , neurodegeneration , optical coherence tomography , ex vivo , medical physics , disease , pathology , in vivo , fluorescein angiography , ophthalmology , psychology , biology , biochemistry , microbiology and biotechnology
Background The retina, embryologically derived from the neural tube, contains neurons, glial cells and vasculature similar to the brain and as an extension of the central nervous system may provide patient friendly, inexpensive and disease specific biomarkers that could aid diagnosis for the clinician in current clinical practice and serve as therapeutic read‐out in clinical trials. Methods Over the last 7 years research in the Amsterdam Dementia Cohort using in‐vivo methods in the form of optical coherence tomography (OCT), fundus photography, OCT angiography and fluorescence imaging and ex‐vivo methods were used for biomarker discovery. These studies aimed to identify biomarkers for amyloid (A), tau (T), neurodegeneration (N) and vasculature (V). Result and Conclusion Here we present an overview of the data collected together with the valuable lessons learned from the specific projects. Caveats of the current methods and suggestions for future research will be presented to move the field of retinal biomarker discovery and validation further.