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Executive control network (ECN) and default mode network (DMN) functional connectivity in older adults with remitted depression, mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer’s dementia, or normal cognition
Author(s) -
RashidiRanjbar Neda
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
alzheimer's and dementia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.713
H-Index - 118
eISSN - 1552-5279
pISSN - 1552-5260
DOI - 10.1002/alz.049980
Subject(s) - default mode network , major depressive disorder , dementia , psychology , cognition , resting state fmri , depression (economics) , audiology , neuroscience , psychiatry , medicine , disease , economics , macroeconomics
Background Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is associated with an increased risk of developing Alzheimer’s dementia (AD). The present study aims to understand risk for AD by comparing resting state functional connectivity (FC) in putatively shared vulnerability networks; executive control network (ECN) or default mode network (DMN) among older adults who are either healthy or have a history of MDD, MCI, or AD. Method We assessed brain functional alterations in ECN and DMN in five groups at‐risk for dementia: remitted MDD, non‐amnestic mild cognitive impairment (naMCI), MDD+naMCI, amnestic MCI (aMCI), and MDD+aMCI. The analysis also included individuals with AD and healthy controls (HC). Resting‐state functional MRI data were acquired on the same 3T scanner. Following quality control (n=330), dual regression was conducted. The ECN and DMN group‐ICA (independent component analysis) were selected from the Smith atlas. Next, the group difference in the functional connectivity (FC) of each network was calculated using PALM (Permutation Analysis of Linear Models). Result For within‐network FC in the ECN or DMN, we found no difference between participant groups. For between‐network FC, we found a significant difference between the DMN and the superior parietal lobe (SPL); post‐hoc tests showed decreased anti‐correlation between the AD group compared to the MDD and HC groups (p<0.05). Conclusion The between‐network difference in DMN among groups was driven by the AD group. There was minimal distinction among those with remitted MDD or MCI. It is possible that remitted MDD may not act as mechanistic risk for AD in ECN or DMN networks.