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Lipid profiles of extracellular vesicles are distinct for Alzheimer’s disease cases
Author(s) -
Martins Tânia Soares,
Magalhães Sandra,
Rosa Ilka Martins,
da Cruz e Silva Odete,
Nunes Alexandra,
Henriques Ana Gabriela
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
alzheimer's and dementia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.713
H-Index - 118
eISSN - 1552-5279
pISSN - 1552-5260
DOI - 10.1002/alz.043980
Subject(s) - fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , vesicle , chemistry , extracellular vesicles , exosome , nanoparticle tracking analysis , biomarker , extracellular vesicle , microvesicles , chromatography , biochemistry , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , chemical engineering , microrna , membrane , gene , engineering
Background Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted by most of the cells and their content can reflect physiological and pathological stages, making them attractive biomarker sources for a wide range of diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). AD molecular‐based diagnosis in cerebrospinal fluid is a powerful approach nonetheless the identification of biomarkers in peripheral biofluids represents an attractive clinical tool. The procedure to isolate blood‐derived EVs is less invasive, cost‐effective and can be widely available. In addition, Fourier Transformed Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy is a highly reproducible, rapid and inexpensive technique. This study addressed the value of FTIR and serum‐derived EVs in AD. Method Serum was obtained from the pcb‐Cohort (primary care‐based cohort), established by the group (Rosa I.M. et al .2017, Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord;43:15–28). Serum‐derived EVs enriched in exosome‐like vesicles were isolated using Exosome Precipitation Solution (ExoQuick); characterized by Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis and Transmission Electron Microscopy, as described (Soares Martins T. et al.2018 , PLoS One;13:e0198820). The FTIR spectra of serum‐derived EVs from AD cases and Controls were acquired (ATR‐FTIR spectrometer); data analysed using multivariate (PCA‐LDA, PCA‐QDA) and univariate (second derivative peak area calculation) approaches. Result Focus was given to FTIR spectra of lipid regions (3000‐2888 cm ‐1 and 1767‐1721 cm ‐1 ). Differences were observed between the average spectra of EV’s from AD and Controls, for both normalized spectra and second derivative spectra. PCA‐LDA and PCA‐QDA revealed that FTIR spectra, in the lipid absorption regions, of serum‐derived EVs has potential disease discriminatory value. In accordance, the second derivative peak area calculation of EVs spectra also revealed significant differences among Controls and ADs. This is in line with previous work where distinct nucleic acid profiles were reported for EVs from AD vs Controls (Soares Martins T. et al .2020, J Alzheimers Dis; in press). Conclusion Taken together data suggests to that metabolic profile of EVs has AD diagnostic potential. To this end research was funded by PTDC/DTPPIC/5587/2014, supported by iBiMED‐UIDB/04501/2020, FCT, COMPETEprogram, QREN, European Union; “pAGE” (CENTRO2020‐CENTRO‐01‐0145‐FEDER‐3), Centro2020program, Portugal2020, European Union. Conference participation is supported by MEDISIS (CENTRO‐01‐0246‐FEDER‐000018), Centro2020program, European Union, FEDER. We thank volunteers, their families and health professionals. Health Ethics Committee (CES) ARS Centro (No.012804‐04.04.2012) and CNPD (No.369/2012).