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The prevalence of young onset dementia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Author(s) -
Hendriks Stevie,
Peetoom Kirsten,
Verhey Frans RJ,
de Vugt Marjolein,
Koehler Sebastian
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
alzheimer's and dementia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.713
H-Index - 118
eISSN - 1552-5279
pISSN - 1552-5260
DOI - 10.1002/alz.042738
Subject(s) - dementia , cinahl , medicine , meta analysis , population , medline , systematic review , epidemiology , gerontology , pediatrics , demography , psychiatry , psychological intervention , disease , environmental health , sociology , political science , law
Background Onset of dementia before the age of 65 years is usually referred to as young onset dementia (YOD). Out of the total prevalence of dementia, it is estimated that 6‐9% are accounted for by YOD, but data to build robust estimates on is very limited in this specific dementia subgroup. Valid epidemiological data on the prevalence of people with YOD is needed to adequately provide dedicated services and care. This systematic review aimed to collate data from published literature and estimate the prevalence of YOD. Method A comprehensive literature search in PubMed, Embase, CINAHL and PsychINFO was conducted to identify population‐based studies on the prevalence of dementia in a population aged under 65. Articles published between 1990 and 30 November 2018 were screened independently by two authors in two phases: 1) screening titles and abstracts, 2) screening full texts, according to the PRISMA‐guidelines. Data were extracted and all articles were assessed on quality and risk of bias. Study authors were contacted when data was missing or to obtain full texts. Random‐effect meta‐analyses were pooled estimates and assessed sources of between‐study differences. The study is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42019119288. Result The systematic search yielded 10,370 articles. After screening and cross‐referencing 88 articles were included in the review. Eligible articles were pooled together in meta‐analyses. Subgroups were made amongst others for type of dementia, age ranges and sex. The overall pooled estimate for young onset dementia over all age ranges and all types of dementia was 0.20% (95%CI = 0.15‐0.26). The prevalence for females was 0.25% (95%CI = 0.16‐0.35), whereas the prevalence for males was 0.16% (95%CI = 0.10‐0.23). Prevalence ranged from 0.01% (95% CI= 0.00‐0.01) in the age group 30‐34, to 0.98% (95% CI = 0.72‐1.28) in the age group 60‐64. Heterogeneity across studies was high, articles differed in many methodological aspects. Meta‐regression and subgroup analyses into sources of between‐study differences in prevalence estimates are currently analyzed and will be presented. Conclusion Articles eligible for meta‐analysis showed an overall prevalence of 0.21%, with females having a slightly higher prevalence compared to males, and an increased prevalence with increasing age.