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Associations of dietary patterns and CSF biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease in a population‐based sample of 70‐year‐olds
Author(s) -
Samuelsson Jessica,
Kern Silke,
Zetterberg Henrik,
Blennow Kaj,
Rothenberg Elisabet,
Wallengren Ola,
Skoog Ingmar,
Zettergren Anna
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
alzheimer's and dementia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.713
H-Index - 118
eISSN - 1552-5279
pISSN - 1552-5260
DOI - 10.1002/alz.040800
Subject(s) - mediterranean diet , logistic regression , medicine , cohort , population , odds ratio , demography , disease , dementia , cohort study , physiology , environmental health , sociology
Background Diet could be a modifiable factor in the prevention of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Western‐style dietary patterns are considered to increase the risk, while Mediterranean‐style dietary patterns are considered protective. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between dietary patterns and CSF biomarkers of relevance for AD. Method Data was derived from the population based Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies, Sweden (n=1203). CSF levels of β‐amyloid (Aβ)42, total tau, and phosphorylated tau were measured with ELISA. Dietary intake was determined by the diet history method (n=861). Principal component analysis were performed to reduce 21 food groups into factors representing dietary patterns. Logistic regression analyses, with CSF biomarkers as dependent variables (pathological, yes/no), and linear regression analyses with CSF biomarkers as continuous variables, were performed on the dementia‐free participants with both CSF and dietary data (n=269, 49% women). Analyses were adjusted for APOE ε4 status, energy intake, education, BMI and physical activity and sex. Analyses were also performed stratified by sex. Result Four dietary patterns were derived from the principal component analysis. A western‐style dietary pattern, a Mediterranean‐style dietary pattern, a mixed dietary pattern with alcoholic beverages and a dietary pattern of high fat dairy products, eggs and refined cereal products. The odds ratio of having pathological values of total tau was higher among those with a higher compliance to a western‐style dietary pattern (OR 1.37; 95%CI 1.02‐1.85). The linear regression model indicate the same trend (r 2 =0.06, B=0.04, p=0.08). When stratified by sex, the odds ratio of having pathological values of phosphorylated tau was higher for men with a higher intake of high fat dairy products, eggs and refined cereal products (OR 3.38; 95%CI 1.22‐9.36). There were no associations between the other dietary patterns and CSF biomarkers. Conclusion Our results indicate an association between western‐style dietary patterns and increased levels of total tau and phosphorylated tau. There was no relation between a healthier Mediterranean‐style dietary pattern and CSF biomarkers for AD, however.