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Risk factors for dementia in Cuban older adults
Author(s) -
Peeters Geeske,
AlmirallSanchez Arianna,
LlibreGuerra Jorge J,
Lawlor Brian,
Anne Kenny Rose,
Yaffe Kristine,
Llibre Juan
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
alzheimer's and dementia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.713
H-Index - 118
eISSN - 1552-5279
pISSN - 1552-5260
DOI - 10.1002/alz.038314
Subject(s) - dementia , medicine , marital status , logistic regression , demography , cohort , gerontology , depression (economics) , cohort study , population , disease , environmental health , sociology , economics , macroeconomics
Background Little is known about risk factors of dementia in Latin American countries. Findings from western countries cannot be readily translated to Latin American countries. To inform risk stratification and targeted preventive strategies, we aimed to identify risk factors of incident dementia in Cuban older adults and explores how these change with age. Method Data were from 1846 participants in the Cuban cohort of the 10/66 Dementia Research Group. Participants completed questionnaires, health examination and cognitive tests at baseline (2003‐06) and on average 4.5 years later (2007‐10). Univariable and multivariable associations between risk factors at baseline and incident dementia at follow‐up were examined using logistic regression for the total sample and for younger (65‐74 yrs) and older (75+ yrs) subgroups. Result 9.2% of participants developed dementia. In the total sample, significant univariable associations with dementia were found for age, education, marital status, obesity, stroke, depression, physical activity, fish consumption and family history. In the multivariable model, associations with age (≥75 vs. 65‐74 yrs: OR=2.65, 95%CI=1.86‐3.76), marital status (widowed/divorced/separated vs. married/cohabiting: OR=1.65, 95%CI=1.12‐2.43), physical activity (inactive vs. highly active: OR=2.63, 95%CI=1.58‐4.37), and fish consumption (regular vs. rarely: OR=1.74, 95%CI=1.04‐2.91) remained statistically significant. In the younger age group, significant multivariable associations were found for stroke (OR=2.90, 95%CI=1.22‐7.90), ischaemic heart problems (OR=0.22, 95%CI=0.05‐0.95), depression (OR=1.87, 95%CI=1.05‐3.31), and physical activity (inactive vs. highly active: OR=3.09, 95%CI=1.26‐7.58). In the older age group, significant multivariable associations were found for smoking status (current vs. never/ex‐smoker: OR=2.19, 95%CI=1.17‐4.11), physical activity (inactive vs. highly active: OR=2.05, 95%CI=1.07‐3.92) and fish consumption (regular vs. rarely: OR=2.35, 95%CI=1.24‐4.45). Conclusion This is the first study in Cuba and one of few in Latin America to identify risk factors for incident dementia. The risk profiles were dominated by chronic conditions in 65‐74 year olds and by lifestyle factors in 75+ year olds. The important role for modifiable risk factors holds promise for future preventive strategies.