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Evidence of skeletal treponematosis from the medieval burial ground of S t. M ary S pital, L ondon, and implications for the origins of the disease in E urope
Author(s) -
Walker Don,
Powers Natasha,
Connell Brian,
Redfern Rebecca
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
american journal of physical anthropology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.146
H-Index - 119
eISSN - 1096-8644
pISSN - 0002-9483
DOI - 10.1002/ajpa.22630
Subject(s) - paleopathology , osteology , treponematosis , syphilis , period (music) , archaeology , history , demography , medicine , sexually transmitted disease , art , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , sociology , family medicine , aesthetics
Treponematosis is a syndrome of chronic infectious diseases. There has been much debate on its origins and spread, particularly with regard to venereal syphilis, an unsightly and debilitating disease in preantibiotic populations. The osteological analysis of 5,387 individuals excavated by Museum of London Archaeology from the medieval burial ground of St. Mary Spital in London (dated c 1120–1539) provided an unprecedented opportunity to investigate the nature and prevalence of disease over a period of time. Twenty‐five individuals were found with suspected treponematosis, originating from all but the earliest period of the burial ground. Descriptions of affected individuals from each period, together with supporting images, are provided. In this work, particular emphasis was given to the distribution of lesions on the skeleton and the variation in patterns by sex and over time. Little change was observed in the distribution of bony change between individuals dated to pre‐ and post‐Columbian periods. However, a dramatic rise in the prevalence of the disease in the final period ( c 1400–1539) may reflect documentary reports of a European epidemic from the late 15th century. Am J Phys Anthropol 156:90–101, 2015 © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.