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Genetic studies in Paraguay: Blood group, red cell, and serum genetic patterns of the Guayaki and Ayore Indians, Mennonite settlers, and seven other Indian tribes of the Paraguayan chaco
Author(s) -
Brown Stephen M.,
Gajdusek D. Carleton,
Leyshon Webster C.,
Steinberg Arthur G.,
Brown Kenneth S.,
Curtain Cyril C.
Publication year - 1974
Publication title -
american journal of physical anthropology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.146
H-Index - 119
eISSN - 1096-8644
pISSN - 0002-9483
DOI - 10.1002/ajpa.1330410214
Subject(s) - abo blood group system , homogeneous , demography , biology , haptoglobin , genetics , sociology , immunology , mathematics , combinatorics
Genetic studies of 540 Paraguayan Indians from nine tribal groups and 51 Mennonites are presented for ABO, MNSs, P 1 , Rh, Kell, Lewis, Duffy, Diego; for serum immunoglobulins and haptoglobins, G6PD‐deficiency, and thalassemia trait. Group O gene frequencies for all Indian groups were 1.00; for r (cde) , 0.00. Tapiete, Lengua, Toba, and Sanapana R z ( CDE ) frequencies were among the highest ever reported. N frequencies were high for Ache Kwera (Guayaki), Lengua, Cheroti, Guarayu, Tapiete; N and s low for Ayore. MS frequencies were high for Sanapana, Lengua, Ayore; Ns for Tapiete. Diego was notably absent for Toba, Lengua, Guarayu, Tapiete, Ayore. Homogeneous frequencies for Fy a (1.000) occurred among Guarayu and Tapiete, and for P 1 among Guayaki. Inv(a) frequencies were low for Cheroti, Chulupi, Guayaki. Hp 1 among Guayaki (Ache Kwera 0.15) is lowest ever reported. G6PD deficiency and abnormal hemoglobins were uniformly absent from all groups. Mennonite results were homogeneous and point toward Dutch origins. Differences among groups studied, and between Paraguayan and other Amerinds emphasize importance of genetic drift and founder principle. Abandonment of their tribes by mixed‐blood offspring is partly responsible for apparent genetic purity and homogeneity of groups.