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Outcast males and social structure among bonnet macaques ( Macaca radiata )
Author(s) -
Simonds Paul E.
Publication year - 1973
Publication title -
american journal of physical anthropology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.146
H-Index - 119
eISSN - 1096-8644
pISSN - 0002-9483
DOI - 10.1002/ajpa.1330380274
Subject(s) - ostracism , macaque , social isolation , adult male , radiata , maturity (psychological) , demography , social relationship , biology , psychology , social psychology , developmental psychology , sociology , ecology , vigna , agronomy , psychotherapist , endocrinology
Abstract Outcast males are a regular feature of rhesus ( Macaca mulatta ) and Japanese ( M. fuscata ) macaque societies but are rare among bonnet macaques ( M. radiata ). Apparently bonnets have other solutions than ostracism for their social problems. For example, in many troops the male‐female ratio ranges from 0.7−1.0+; and, as the young adult males grow to full social and physical maturity, they remain in the troop and participate actively in social relationships. A few troops of bonnet macaques, however, have a network of social relationships which prevents the young males from being integrated into the social system; in some of these cases, male isolation occurs. A comparison of the social relations between males in bonnet macaque societies of both types suggests that societies with strong male‐male bonds accommodate their growing males better than those with highly individual males.