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Growth of bones as revealed by implant markers in animals
Author(s) -
Sarnat Bernard G.
Publication year - 1968
Publication title -
american journal of physical anthropology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.146
H-Index - 119
eISSN - 1096-8644
pISSN - 0002-9483
DOI - 10.1002/ajpa.1330290218
Subject(s) - endochondral ossification , apposition , implant , resorption , biomedical engineering , fibrous joint , bone growth , anatomy , materials science , dentistry , medicine , surgery , pathology , cartilage
Implantation of screws, pegs, wires, or other material as markers has been of value during the last 200 years in the serial study of growth of bones. With this direct method, for a given period, the increase in distance between implants on either side of an endochondral growth center or suture can be readily determined. In contrast, the relatively constant position of two or more implants within a single bone can be utilized to establish the pattern of peripheral apposition and resorption. When radiopaque implants are used in combination with serial roentgenography, not only the amount but also the rate, periods of activity and relative direction of growth may be determined. This indirect method obviates reoperating or killing the animal to measure the distance between implants. Some of the problems in the use of these methods are that (1) growth occurs in more than one plane, (2) the implants may not remain where inserted into the bone, (3) the implants may not be in a plane parallel to the X ‐ray film, and (4) the distance between the implants and the film may not be constant. (Abstract previously published Am. J. Phys. Anthrop., 27 : 236, September, 1967).