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Network Analysis of Social Changes in a Captive Chimpanzee Community Following the Successful Integration of Two Adult Groups
Author(s) -
SCHEL ANNE MARIJKE,
RAWLINGS BRUCE,
CLAIDIÈRE NICOLAS,
WILKE CLAUDIA,
WATHAN JEN,
RICHARDSON JO,
PEARSON SOPHIE,
S. HERRELKO ELIZABETH,
WHITEN ANDREW,
SLOCOMBE KATIE
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
american journal of primatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.988
H-Index - 81
eISSN - 1098-2345
pISSN - 0275-2565
DOI - 10.1002/ajp.22101
Subject(s) - captivity , aggression , demography , psychology , association (psychology) , population , social psychology , developmental psychology , biology , ecology , sociology , psychotherapist
Chimpanzees are highly territorial and have the potential to be extremely aggressive toward unfamiliar individuals. In the wild, transfer between groups is almost exclusively completed by nulliparous females, yet in captivity there is often a need to introduce and integrate a range of individuals, including adult males. We describe the process of successfully integrating two groups of chimpanzees, each containing 11 individuals, in the Budongo Trail facility at the Royal Zoological Society of Scotland's Edinburgh Zoo. We use social network analysis to document changes in group dynamics within this population over the 16 months following integration. Aggression rates were low overall and members of the two original groups engaged in significantly fewer aggressive interactions over time. Association and grooming data indicate that relationships between members of the original groups became stronger and more affiliative with time. Despite these positive indicators the association data revealed the continued existence of two distinct subgroups, a year after integration. Our data show that when given complex space and freedom to exhibit natural fission–fusion groupings, in which the chimpanzees choose whom they wish to associate and interact with, the building of strong affiliative relationships with unfamiliar individuals is a very gradual process. Am. J. Primatol. 75:254‐266, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.