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A description of the upper thoracic autonomic nervous system in the rhesus monkey ( Macaca mulatta )
Author(s) -
Billman George E.,
Dickey D. Thomas,
Stone H. Lowell
Publication year - 1982
Publication title -
american journal of primatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.988
H-Index - 81
eISSN - 1098-2345
pISSN - 0275-2565
DOI - 10.1002/ajp.1350020204
Subject(s) - baboon , macaque , rhesus macaque , anatomy , biology , autonomic nervous system , vagus nerve , primate , cervical ganglia , ganglion , stellate ganglion , superior cervical ganglion , autonomic ganglion , thoracic ganglia , medicine , pathology , neuroscience , heart rate , blood pressure , stimulation , endocrinology , alternative medicine , immunology
The purpose of this study was to describe the autonomic innervation of the carotid sinus and heart in the rhesus monkey. Nine male rhesus monkeys ( Macaca mulatta ) and one male crab‐eating macaque ( M. fascicularis ) were carefully dissected from the origin of the vagus nerves and superior cervical ganglia to the level of the fourth thoracic ganglion. The specimens were either freshly killed or obtained no later than 24 hours post mortem. The macaque monkeys were found to possess an innervation pattern that displayed features common to dog (connections between the vagus nerves and middle cervical ganglia), baboon (distinct cervical sympathetic and cervical vagal nerve trunks), and man (nerves projecting from the middle cervical and stellate ganglia to the heart). Distinct inferior cervical and first thoracic ganglia were never seen, but rather, large and well defined stellate ganglia were found. The macaque innervation pattern, when considered as a whole, most closely resembled the baboon.